Pullman was entirely company-owned and provided housing, markets, a library, churches and entertainment for employees who were required to live there. The neighborhood was reminiscent of company towns like Pullman, Illinois and Homestead, Pennsylvania. By 1910, nearly 2200 residents called this area home. Many families built their homes personally during their time away from the factories. The Pleasant Hill Land Company worked with company employees to develop homes in the area by offering reduced down payments and favorable financing. The company acquired 155 acres to the west of the factory to Halstead Avenue and developed over 400 residential parcels to accommodate factory employees and their families. In 1892, National Carbon sought a solution to the problem. The lack of any public transportation made the trip challenging to arrive to work on time. Most of the employees lived in Cleveland neighborhoods and would travel muddy and icy roads to the site. Often workers were encouraged to bring family members to work to join the force. The company employed recent immigrants, primarily Slovaks and other eastern Europeans in its growing manufacturing business. It manufactured batteries and developed the carbon filtered gas mask. In 1891 the National Carbon Company (now NeoGraf Solutions) occupied the corner of Madison Avenue and West 117th Street at the Cleveland-Lakewood border. North Coast Baptist Church sits next to houses at the intersection of Quail and Thrush streetsīirdtown is a neighborhood in Lakewood, a streetcar suburb of Cleveland, Ohio.
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